European Union (“EU”) Foreign Subsidies Regulation (“FSR”), a new state aid instrument adopted at the end of 2022, will have a significant impact on transactions in the EU. The FSR impacts any company that is present in or wants the enter the EU, and has received financial support in any form from non-EU governments. 

The FSR is game-changing — it imposes notification obligations on companies on subsidies received from non-EU countries and, when those subsidies are considered to distort the internal market in the EU, the European Commission (“EC”) can impose remedies.

Companies will now have notification obligations if they have received foreign financial contributions above a certain amount and are:

(1)    acquiring a company that has a turnover of at least EUR 500 million in the EU, or

(2)    participating in a public tender with a value of EUR 250 million.

These notification obligations will start to apply on 12 October 2023.

Earlier this week, the EC published the FSR’s Draft Implementing Regulation which provides more detail on the notification requirements and process. In summary, the Draft Implementing Regulation sets out a notification process that is inspired by the Merger Regulation.

In addition to the notification obligations, the EC will be able to conduct ex officio investigations, or request a notification (even when such is not mandatory), when it has concerns that distorting subsidies may have been granted.

Covington’s competition law team has in-depth knowledge and combines all the necessary capabilities to help you address your obligations under the FSR, including strong State aid and merger control expertise.  We have a number of former officials from the EC’s State aid enforcement units as part of our team. We have also participated in discussions with the EC on the FSR and will continue to do so regarding the coming EC implementing acts and guidance.

We have put together a brief overview for your reference. We would be happy to facilitate a discussion with our team to review what this regulation could mean for your company.

Photo of Christian Ahlborn Christian Ahlborn

For more than 20 years Christian Ahlborn has been advising multinational corporates, banks and other institutions on all aspects of global competition law, combining an in-depth understanding of the subject with a pragmatic approach.

Christian is qualified in England & Wales and in…

For more than 20 years Christian Ahlborn has been advising multinational corporates, banks and other institutions on all aspects of global competition law, combining an in-depth understanding of the subject with a pragmatic approach.

Christian is qualified in England & Wales and in Germany and is widely recognized as a market-leading competition lawyer. He is also a trained economist. Christian belongs to a small group of antitrust practitioners who can bring both a legal and economic perspective to a case.

Christian advises major corporates, banks and institutions on all areas of global competition law. He has a broad range of experience in EU competition law, particularly in relation to complex M&A, behavioral antitrust work, control of dominance issues and State aid control. He is well-known for extensive work on high-profile matters.

Christian’s experience spans many industry sectors, with particular experience in financial services, IT, fast-moving consumer goods and mining.

During his career Christian has been seconded to the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Competition and to the Bundeskartellamt. He is also well known on the Brussels market.

Photo of Johan Ysewyn Johan Ysewyn

Johan is widely respected as a highly skilled European competition lawyer, advising on complex competition issues, including on merger control, anti-cartel enforcement, monopolisation cases and other conduct investigations. He acts as co-head of the firm’s Global Competition group and as managing partner of…

Johan is widely respected as a highly skilled European competition lawyer, advising on complex competition issues, including on merger control, anti-cartel enforcement, monopolisation cases and other conduct investigations. He acts as co-head of the firm’s Global Competition group and as managing partner of the Brussels office.

Clients turn to Johan when they need cutting-edge competition and regulatory advice. He has been advising some of the world’s leading companies for over 30 years on their most complex competition issues. Johan is “an exceptional lawyer who is solution-oriented, has a remarkable ability to rapidly understand our business and has excellent reactivity” (Chambers Global).  Johan “attracts considerable praise for his reliable practice, as well as his great energy and insight into cartel proceedings” (Who’s Who Legal). “Johan Ysewyn has a unique understanding of the EC and a very helpful network of connections across Brussels. (…) One of the best European competition lawyers” (Legal 500).

Johan represents clients from around the world in dealings with competition authorities as well as in court litigation. He has in-depth knowledge of regulatory procedures and best practices as well as longstanding relationships with key regulators, in particular at the European Commission. He has also an active advisory practice covering a range of areas of interest to corporates, including the interplay between ESG goals and competition law, the impact of competition law enforcement on digital markets and broad strategic compliance issues.

Johan’s experience spans many industry sectors, with recent experience in telecoms and information technology, media, healthcare, consumer goods, retail, energy and transport. He has advised on several of the most major merger investigations in recent years. In addition, he has represented clients in many conduct investigations.

Johan’s practice also has a strong focus on global and European cartel investigations. He has acted for the immunity applicants in the bitumen and marine hose cartels, and acted for defendants in alleged cartels in financial services, consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, consumer electronics and price benchmarking in the oil sector. He has acted for the European Payments Council in the first European Commission investigation into standardisation agreements in the e-payments sector. Johan has written and lectured extensively on international cartel and leniency-related issues. He co-authors the loose-leaf European Cartel Digest and lectures on cartel law and economics at the Brussels School of Competition.

Johan is also one of the leading experts on EU State aid issues, working both for beneficiaries and governments. He has advised a number of leading banks and governments, as well as represented major European airlines. From the cases that can be publicly disclosed, he has been involved in the Fortis, KBC, Dexia, Arco, Citadele, airBaltic and Riga Airport State aid cases.

Photo of Carole Maczkovics Carole Maczkovics

Carole Maczkovics is a market leader in State aid law, with a robust background in the economic regulation of network industries (energy and transport) and in public contracting (EU subsidies, public procurement, concessions).

Carole has a proven track record of advising public and…

Carole Maczkovics is a market leader in State aid law, with a robust background in the economic regulation of network industries (energy and transport) and in public contracting (EU subsidies, public procurement, concessions).

Carole has a proven track record of advising public and private entities in administrative and judicial proceedings on complex State aid and regulatory matters before the European Commission as well as before the Belgian and European courts. She also advises clients on the application of the EU Foreign Subsidy Regulation (FSR) and UK subsidy control regime.

Carole has published many articles on State aid law and on the FSR, and contributes to conferences and seminars on a regular basis. She is a visiting lecturer at King’s College London on the FSR and at the Brussels School of Competition on the application of regulation and competition law (including State aid) in the railway sector. Carole gives trainings on State aid law at EFE, in Paris. She also acts as Academic Director of the European State aid Law Institute (EStALI).

Photo of Sibel Yilmaz Sibel Yilmaz

Sibel Yilmaz advises on all aspects of competition law, foreign investment and foreign subsidies screening, with a focus on the life sciences, technology and private equity sectors.

Sibel has particular expertise in the life sciences sector and has been involved in some of…

Sibel Yilmaz advises on all aspects of competition law, foreign investment and foreign subsidies screening, with a focus on the life sciences, technology and private equity sectors.

Sibel has particular expertise in the life sciences sector and has been involved in some of the industry’s most high profile matters in recent years, including representing Novartis on its $30 billion acquisition of GSK’s oncology business, advising Takeda on its sale of certain respiratory products to AstraZeneca and representing clients in several investigations relating to alleged excessive prices and other non-competitive practices in the life science sector.

Sibel is ranked among the world’s top antitrust practitioners by Global Competition Review, who included her in their most recent 40 Under 40 survey, as well as Chambers Global. She is described as “a brilliant and promising lawyer, who is highly recommended for complex merger work” and “an exceptional talent”, “absolutely a tip for the top.”

Sibel received her LL.M. in Law and Economics from the University of Rotterdam and Master of Law from Stockholm University and is admitted to practice in Belgium and Sweden.

Photo of Melissa Van Schoorisse Melissa Van Schoorisse

Melissa Van Schoorisse focuses on a wide range of complex antitrust issues, including multi-jurisdictional merger control filings, international and Belgian cartel investigations, state aid matters, and general behavioural advice, counselling and compliance work.

She specializes in the wider music, media, and entertainment sector

Melissa Van Schoorisse focuses on a wide range of complex antitrust issues, including multi-jurisdictional merger control filings, international and Belgian cartel investigations, state aid matters, and general behavioural advice, counselling and compliance work.

She specializes in the wider music, media, and entertainment sector as well as the transport, metals and mining, and the power generation and energy industry. In that context she has advised international and Belgian clients on the potential antitrust issues surrounding renewable or alternative energy sources, the consolidation of the Belgian energy sector, and the value of consumer data sets in merger control cases.

Melissa is well-regarded in the market, with clients praising her for being “very responsive, diligent”, “hands on” and giving “clear guidance.” “She is really good and knows the ins and outs of the BCA. She sees the big picture and the detail.” (Chambers Europe)

Prior to joining Covington, Melissa has gained extensive experience as an associate at two international law firms in Brussels, and as a secondee to the in-house competition team of a multinational oil and gas company in London, dealing with a wide array of vertical issues, cartel investigations, M&A transactions, and compliance training.